LisbonPortugal's largest city, was once a remote outpost, established by Phoenician colonists, on what was thought to be the farthest edge of the known world, Lisbon was the center of operations for Portuguese exploration and colonization by the 15th century. Despite modernization, Lisbon in many ways retains the air and feel of a 19th century city, and has combined tradition with the excitement of a modern cosmopolitan city.